说明:现在专八的辅导书中,最具权威的当属 邹申 主编的《高校英语专业八级考试指南》,但这本书确未能提供翻译部分十几套题的答案,叫人为之扼腕。没参考译文对于自我训练提升有肯定的障碍。在此,提供翻译部分的参考答案,以补缺憾。

翻译无定论,参考答案,顾名思义就是仅供参考,期望读者能提供更好的译文版本,提供给大伙。

高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅰ
(翻译部分,原书P.43-44)

SectionA:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheChinesetextinto
English

(原文)
近读报纸,对国内名片和请帖的议论颇多,于是想起客居巴黎时常常见到的法国人手中
的名片和请帖,随笔记下来,好像不无借鉴之处。

在巴黎,名目繁多的酒会、冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会。在这种场所陌生人相识,假如
是亚洲人,他们总是开口之前先毕恭毕敬地用双手把我们的名片呈递给他们,这仿佛是不可
缺少的礼节。然而,法国人一般却都不大主动递送名片,双方见面寒喧几句甚至海阔天空地
聊一番也就各自走开。只有当双方谈话投机,期望继续交往时,才会主动掏出名片。二话不
说先递名片反倒有的勉强。

法国人的名片讲究朴素大方,印制精美,但极少有镶金边儿的,闪光多色的或带香味儿
的,名片上的字体纤细秀丽,本人的名字也不过分突出,整张纸片上空白非常大,毫无拥挤不
堪的感觉。

(参考译文)
Inreadingrecentnewspapers,IhavecometofindthatpeopleinChinahave
becomemoreandmoreinterestedindiscussingaboutnamecardsandinvitation
letters.Thishastriggeredmyreminiscencesofthenamecardsandinvitation
lettersoftheFrenchpeoplethatIsawwhenIwasresidinginParis.In
writingdownthoserandomreminiscences,Ibelievethattheymightprovidesome
usefulinformationforustolearnfrom.

InParis,allthewinepartiesandbuffetreceptionsheldonvarious
occasionsprovideoptimumopportunitiestomakefriendswithallvarietiesof
people.Whenencounteringastrangeronsuchanoccasion,anAsianwould
invariablyhandoverhisnamecardtothenewly-metstrangerwithfull
reverence,withbothofhishands,evenbeforehestartstoconversewiththe
stranger.Suchanactseemstohavebecomeanindispensableritual.Bycontrast,anaverageFrenchmanseldomtakestheinitiativeto
presenthisnamecard.Instead,hewouldsimply
walkawayafteranexchangeofroutinegreetingsorevensomeaimlesschat.onlywhenbothsidesbecomedeeplyengrossed
intheirconversationandhavetheintentiontomakefurtheracquaintancewith
eachotherwouldtheyoffertogivetheirnamecards.Itwouldseemsomehow
bizarreifaFrenchpersonoffershisnamecardwithoutsayinganythingtothe
strangerinthefirstplace.

TheFrenchtendtotakeextraordinaryprecautiontomaketheirnamecards
simpleyetelegant.Exquisitelydesignedandprinted,theirnamecardsare
seldomgolden-framed,orcolorfullyshiny,ortintedwithfragrantsmells.The
lettersasappearontheirnamecardstendtobediminutivebutbeautiful,not
allowingthenameofthecard-bearertobeoverlyprominent/salient.Theentire
cardcontainsmuchemptyspace,impartingnosen网站优化fover-crowdedness.

SectionB:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheEnglishtextinto
Chinese

(原文)
Fourmonthsbeforetheelectionday,fivemengatheredinasmall
conferenceroomattheReagan-Bushheadquartersandreviewedanoversize
calendarthatmarkedtheremainingdaysofthe1984presidentialcampaign.It
wasthelastSaturdayinJuneandattenoclockinthemorningtherestofthe
officewaspracticallydeserted.Evenso,themenkeptthedoorshutandthe
drapescarefullydrawn.Thethreeprincipalsandtheirtwodeputieshadcome
fromaroundthecountryforacriticalmeeting.Theiraimwastodevisea
strategythatwouldguaranteeRonaldReagansresoundingreelectiontoasecond
termintheWhiteHouse.

Itshouldhavebeeneasy.Thesewerebattle-testedveteranswithlongties
toReaganandevenlongeronestotheRepublicanparty,menwhounderstood
presidentialpoliticsaswellasanyinthecountry.Thebackdropofthe
campaignwashospitable,withlotsofgoodnewstoworkwith:Americawasat
peace,andthenationseconomy,akeyfactorinanyelection,wasrebounding
vigorouslyafterrecession.Furthermore,thecampaignitselfwaslavishly
financed,withplentyofmoneyforaTOPflightstaff,travel,andtelevision
commercials.And,mostimportant,theircandidatewasRonaldReagan,a
presidentoftremendouspersonalpopularityanddazzlingcommunicationskills.
ReaganhassucceededmorethananypresidentsinceJohn.F.Kennedyin
projectingabroadvisionofAmerica-anationofrenewedmilitarystrength,
individualinitiative,andsmallerfederalgovernment.

(参考译文)
在离选举日还有四个月的时间,有五个人聚集在里根-布什总部的一个小型会议室里,
翻着看一张硕大无比的日历,日历上明确地标识出了1984年总统竞选剩下的日子。这是6月
份的最后一个星期六的上午10时,整幢办公楼的其他部分几近室迩人遐。即使这样,这几个
人仍将大门紧闭,小心翼翼地拉下窗帘。三个主要人物及其二个副手从美国的不同地方汇聚
在一块,召开一个殊为要紧的会议。他们的目的是构思出一种方案,来确保里根能第三当
选,在第二任期内再度入主白宫。

要谋求第三当选理应易如反掌。这是一些久经沙场的退伍老兵,与里根有着千丝万缕的
漫长联系,与共和党的联系甚至更为久远。这类人深谙总统政治,一如他们熟悉这个国家里
的所有政治事务那样。竞选的背景十分宜人,可供大做文章的好消息俯拾皆是:美国正置身
于太平盛世之中;作为选举的一个重要原因,整个国家的经济在步出萧条期之后正强劲反
弹。除此之外,竞选本身所筹得的款项更是不计其数。用于支付一流水平的角逐班子员工工
资、进行巡回造势、与制作播放电视广告的钱款绰绰有余。最为要紧的是,他们所推广的
总统候选人是罗纳尔德·里根(RonaldReagan),一位风度翩翩,魔力无穷,又极具迷人
交流方法的执政总统。与约翰·F·肯尼迪(JohnF.Kennedy)以来的任何一位历届总统相
比,里根更成功地勾勒出了一幅广阔的关于美国将来的前景--美国将成了一个重振军事雄
风、民众富于个人进取心、联邦政府愈加精简高效的国家。

高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅱ
(翻译部分,原书P.73-74)

SectionA:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheChinesetextinto
English

(原文)
来美国求学的中国学生与其他亚裔学生一样,大多很刻苦勤奋,周末也总是会抽出一
天甚至两天的时间去实验室加班,因而比起美国学生来,成就出得较多。我的导师是亚裔
人,嗜烟好酒,脾气暴躁。但他十分赏析亚裔学生勤奋与扎实的入门知识,也特别清楚亚裔
学生的心理。因此,在他实验室所招的学生中,除有一名来自德海外,其余5位均是亚裔学
生。他干脆在实验室的门上贴一显眼招牌:"本室助研需要每周工作7天,早10时至晚12时,
工作时间需要全力以赴。"这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的,在我所呆的3年半中,共有
14位学生被招进他的实验室,最后博士毕业的只剩下5人。1990年夏季,我不考虑其他人劝阻,
硬着头皮同意了导师的资助,从此开始了艰难的求学旅程。

(参考译文)
LikestudentsfromotherAsiancountriesandregions,mostChinesestudents
whocomeTOPursuefurthereducationintheUnitedStatesworkontheirstudies
mostdiligentlyandassiduously.Evenonweekends,theywouldfrequentlyspend
oneday,oreventwodays,toworkovertimeintheirlaboratories.Therefore,
comparedwiththeirAmericancounterparts,theyaremoreacademicallyfruitful.

MysupervisorisofAsianoriginwhoisaddictedto
alcoholsandcigarettes,withasharptemper.Nevertheless,he
highlyappreciatestheindustryandthesolidfoundationalknowledgeofAsian
studentsandhasaparticularlykeeninsightintothepsychologyofAsian
students.Hence,ofallthestudentsrecruitedbyhislaboratory,exceptfor
oneGerman,therestfivewereallfromAsia.Heevenputastrikingnoticeon
thedoorofhislab,whichread,"Alltheresearchassistantsofthis
laboratoryarerequiredtowork7daysaweek,from10AMto12PM.Nothingbut
workduringtheworkinghours."Thissupervisorisreputedontheentirecampus
forhisseverityandharshness.Inthecour网站优化fthe3andhalfyearsthatI
stayedthere,atotalof14studentswererecruitedintohislaboratoryand
only5ofthemstayedonuntiltheygraduatedwiththeirPh.D.degrees.

Inthesummerof1990,ignoringtheremonstrationsfromothers,Iacceptedmysupervisorssponsorshipandembarked
onthedifficultjourneyofacademicpursuit.

SectionB:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheEnglishtextinto
Chinese

(原文)
Operaisexpensive:thatmuchisinevitable.Butexpensivethingsarenot
inevitablytheprovinceoftherichunlessweabdicatesocietyspowerof
choice.Wecanchoosetomakeopera,andotherexpensiveformsofculture,
accessibletothosewhocannotindividuallypayforit.Thequestionis:why
shouldwe?Nobodydeniestheimperativesoffood,shelter,defense,healthand
education.Buteveninaprehistoriccave,mankindstretchedoutahandnot
justtoeat,drinkorfight,butalsotodraw.Theimpulsetowardsculture,the
desiretoexpressandexploretheworldthroughimaginationandrepresentation
isfundamental.InEurope,thisdesirehasfoundfulfillmentinthe
masterpiecesofourmusic,art,literatureandtheatre.The百度竞价推广asterpiecesare
thetouchstonesforallourefforts;theyarethetouchstonesforthe
possibilitiestowhichhumanthoughtandimaginationmayaspire;theycarrythe
mostprofoundmessagesthatcanbesentfromonehumantoanother.

(参考译文)
聆听歌剧,无疑昂贵至极。但,昂贵的事物并不是一定是富人的范畴,除非大家舍弃
社会的选择权。大家可以选择去使歌剧与其他某些昂贵的文化形式也能为那些不拥有个人
支付能力的人所享受。但问题是,大家有必要这么做吗?没人会不承认食物、居所、防护、健
康与教育的必不可少性。但即使是在史前年代的洞穴中,人类伸出手来,早就不单纯是为了
吃、喝或搏杀,而且亦进行绘画创作。人类对于文化的冲动,通过形象思维和再现方法来表
现并探索世界的欲望,乃亘古有之。在欧洲,这一欲望在大家的音乐、艺术、文学和戏剧杰
作中探寻到了其达成形式。这类杰作构成了大家全部努力的试金石。作为试金石,它们能衡
量出人类的思想和想象力所可能企及的程度。它们携携带最寓意深远的主题,可在人类彼此
间相互传递。

高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅲ
(翻译部分,原书P.105-106)

SectionA:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheChinesetextinto
English

(原文)
1997年2月24日大家代表团下榻日月潭中信大餐馆,送走了最后一批客人,已是次日凌
晨3点了。我躺在床上久久不可以入睡,披衣走到窗前,往外看去,只见四周峰峦叠翠,湖面
波光粼粼。看着台湾这仅有些景色如画的天然湖泊,我想了很多,很多……

这次到台湾访问交流,虽然行程匆匆,但,看了不少地方,访了旧友,交了新知,大
家走到一块,谈论的一个要紧话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。虽然祖国国内、台湾的青
年生活在不一样的社会环境中,有着每个都不一样的生活历程,但大伙的内心都深深铭刻着中华文
化出色传统的印记,都拥有着振兴中华民族的一同理想。在世纪之交的伟大年代,大家的祖
国正在走向兴盛富强,海峡两岸人民也将加强沟通,一同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。世
纪之交的宝贵机会和巨大挑战将年轻人推到了历史前台。跨世纪年轻人一代应该用哪种姿态
迎接充满期望的新世纪,这是大家需要回答的问题。

日月潭水波不兴,仿佛与我一同在思索……

(参考译文)
OnFebruary2,1997,ourdelegationcheckedintotheZhongXinHotelbythe
sideoftheRiyuetaiLake.Itwasalready3oclockearlythenextmorningby
thetimeIsawoffthelastgroupofguests.Foralongtime,Icouldnotfall
asleep,eventhoughIwascomfortablylyinginthebed.Puttingonmyclothes
again,Igotoffthebedandwalkedtothewindow.Extendingmyeyesintothe
distancethroughthewindow,Iwasgreetedbytheviewofthesurrounding
mountainsandhillsshroudedinlayeredgreennessandthesilveryflickeringof
wavesscuttlingacrossthesurfaceofthePool.Lookingatthesolenaturally-
formedpicturesquelakeinTaiwan,Ifeltaninfinitetrainofthoughtspassing
throughmymind……

ThecurrentvisittoTaiwanforexchange,briefandcursoryasitis,has
enabledustoseemanyplaces,tovisitoldfriendswhilemakingnew
acquaintances.Wheneverpeoplegathertogether,animportantTOPicof
discussionhasbeenhowtheChinesenationcanbecomeprosperousandpowerful
inthe21stcentury.AlthoughtheyoungpeopleontheMainlandandinTaiwan
liveindifferentsocialcontexts,withtheir
individuallydifferentexperiencesoflife,intheinnermostrecessesoftheir
heartsarewroughtanindeliblemarkbythefinetraditionsoftheChinese
culture.TheyallcherishthesameidealtorejuvenatetheChinesenation.Inthisgreatepochat
theturnofthecentury,ourmotherlandisdevelopingtowardgreaterprosperity
andpowerfulness.PeopleacrosstheTaiwanStraitsareboundtostrengthen
theirexchangesandwillmutuallypromotetheearliestpossibleachievementof
thegreatcau网站优化freunificationofthemotherland.Thepreciousopportunities
andthetremendouschallengesattheturnofthecenturyhavepushedtheyoung
peopletotheforegroundofthehistoricalarena.Atthis
transitionalphasebetweenthetwomillennia,inwhatwaytheyounggeneration
shouldembracetheforthcomingnewcenturyrepletewithhopesisaquestionto
whichwehavetoseekananswer.

IntheRiyuetaiLake,thewavesacrossthelakesurfacehavebynowall
vanished.Envelopedinuttertranquility,theLakehasjoinedmeindeep
thoughts……

SectionB:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheEnglishtextinto
Chinese

(原文)
IagreetosomeextentwithmyimaginaryEnglishreader.Americanliterary
historiansareperhapspronetoviewtheirownnationalscenetoonarrowly,
mistakingprominenceforuniqueness.Theydoover-phrasetheirownliterature,
orcertainlyitsminorfigures.AndAmericansdoswingfromaggressive
overphra网站优化ftheirliteraturetoanequallyunfortunate,imitativedeference.
Butthen,theEnglishthemselvesaresomewhatinsularintheirliterary
appraisals.Moreover,infieldswheretheyarenotpre-eminent-e.g.in
paintingandmusic-theytooalternatebetweenboastingofnativeproductsand
copyingtho网站优化ftheContinent.HowmanyEnglishpaintingstrytolookas
thoughtheyweredoneinParis;howmanytimeshavewereadinarticlesthat
theyreallyrepresentan"Englishtradition"afterall.

TospeakofAmericanliterature,then,isnottoassertthatitis
completelyunlikethatofEurope.Broadlyspeaking,AmericaandEuropehave
keptstep.Atanygivenmomentthetravelercouldfindexamplesinbothofthe
samearchitecture,thesamestylesindress,thesamebooksontheshelves.
IdeashavecrossedtheAtlanticasfreelyasmenandmerchandise,though
sometimesmoreslowly.WhenIrefertoAmericanhabit,thoughts,etc.,Iintend
somesortofqualificationTOPrecedetheword,forfrequentlythedifference
betweenAmericaandEuropewillbeoneofdegree,
sometimesonlyofasmalldegree.Theamountofdivergenceisasubtleaffair,
liableTOPerplextheEnglishmanwhenhelooksatAmerica.Heislookingata
countrywhichinimportantsensesgrewoutofhisown,whichinseveralways
stillre百度竞价推广bleshisown-andwhichisyetaforeigncountry.Thereareodd
overlappingsandabruptunfamiliarities;kinshipyieldstoasuddenalienation,
aswhenwehailapersonacrossthestreet,onlytodiscoverfromhisblank
responsethatwehavemistakenastrangerforafriend.

(参考译文)
在某种程度上,我同意我那假想中的英国读者的看法。美国文学史家可能惯于过分狭隘
地看待其本国文坛,误将卓著当作独特。他们确实会用过多的笔墨来渲染其本国文学,至
少,对第二要作家他们一定会如此做。除此之外,美国人确实会走极端,要么咄咄逼人地大肆渲
染其文学,要么进行着同样不幸的亦步亦趋式的顶礼膜拜。但反过来讲,英国人自己在其文
学鉴赏中也看上去有的狭隘愚陋。除此之外,在他们并无上乘表现的范围--比如绘画与音乐,他们
也会走极端,不是吹嘘他们本国的作品,就是大肆模仿欧洲国内的作品。有多少幅英国绘画
试图看起来仿佛是在巴黎完成的;但大家又有多少次曾在文章中读到它们真的代表着一
种"英国式的传统"呢?

那样,要谈论美国文学,倒并不是意欲断言,它与欧洲文学全然大相径庭。广而言之,美
国与欧洲一直同步进步,协调一致。在任何一个特定的时刻,旅游者在两地均能目睹同一样
式的建筑实例,相同款式的服装,书架上相同的书本。在大西洋两岸,思想好似职员与货物
往来一样自由交流,尽管有时会略显迟缓。当我提及美国式的习惯、思想等定义时,我意欲
在"美国式的"这一词语之前加上某种限定,由于欧美(特别是英美)之间的差异总是只不过程
度上的差异而已,并且有时仅仅只不过微乎其微的一点程度差异而已。差异的多寡是件极为
微妙的事务,这极容易使一个英国人在审视美国时大惑不解。他所审视的那个国家,从某些
要紧的意义上来讲,诞生于他一个人的国家,并在某些方面仍与他一个人的国家相差无几--然
而,它却实实在在是一个异邦。两者间存在着某些古怪的交替重迭,与让人甚感突兀的陌
生感;亲缘关系已让坐落于一种突如其来的异化与疏远,这种情景仿佛就像大家隔着马路向另
一个人打招呼,结果却从这个人漠无表情的反应中发现,大家原来居然错将生人当成了熟
人。

高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅳ
(翻译部分,原书P.136-137)

SectionA:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheChinesetextinto
English

(原文)
加拿大的温哥华1986年刚刚度过百岁过生日,但城市的进步令世界瞩目。以港立市,以港
兴市,是很多港口城市存活进步的道路。经过百年开发建设,有着天然不冻良港的温哥华,
成为举世闻名的港口城市,同亚洲、大洋洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲均有按期班轮,年货物吞吐量
达到8,000万吨,全市就业人口中有三分之一从事贸易与运输行业。

温哥华(Vancouver)的辉煌是温哥华人智慧和勤奋的结晶,其中包含多民族的贡献。
加拿大地广人稀,国土面积比中国还大,人口却不足3000万。吸收外来移民,是加拿大长期
奉行的国策。可以说,加拿大除去印第安人外,无一不是外来移民,不一样的只不过时间长短而
已。温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。如今180万温哥华居民中,有一半不是在
当地生的,每4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。而25万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决定性
有哪些用途。他们其中有一半是近5年才来到温哥华区域的,使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国
人聚居地。

(参考译文)
In1986,Vancouver,Canada,justmarkeditscentennialanniversary,butthe
achievementsmadebythecityinitsurbandevelopmenthavealreadycaptured
worldwideattention.Tobuildupacityandmodelitseconomyonthebasisofa
harboristheusualpracticethatportcitiesresorttofortheirexistenceand
development.Afteracenturysconstructionanddevelopment,Vancouver,which
boastsofanaturally-formedice-freeharbor,hasbecomeaninternationally
celebratedportcity,operatingregularoceanlinerswithAsia,Oceania,Europe
andLatinAmerica.Itsannualcargo-handlingcapacityreaches80milliontons,
withonethirdofthecity百度竞价推广ployedpopulationengagedintradeand
transportationbusiness.

ThegloriousachievementsofVancouveristhecrystallizationof
thewisdomandtheindustryoftheVancouverpeopleasawhole,
includingthecontributionsmadebyadiversityofethnicminorities.Canadais
alargecountrywithasmallpopulation.Althoughitsterritoryisbiggerthan
thatofChina,itonlyhasapopulationoflessthan30millionpeople.
Consequently,toattractandtoacceptforeignimmigrantshavebecomea
nationalpolicylongobservedbyCanada.Itcanbesafelyassertedthat,except
forIndians,allCanadiancitizensareforeignimmigrants,differingonlyin
thelengthoftimetheyhavesettledinCanada.Vancouver,inparticular,is
oneofthefewmostcelebratedmulti-ethniccitiesintheworld.Atpresent,
amongthe1.8millionVancouverresidents,halfofthemarenotnative-bornand
oneoutofeveryfourresidentsisfromAsia.The250,000Chinesetherehave
playedadecisiveroleinfacilitatingthetransformationoftheVancouver
economy.HalfofthemhavecometosettleinVancouveronlyoverthepastfive
years,makingVancouverthelargestareaoutsideAsiawheretheChinese
concentrate.

SectionB:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheEnglishtextinto
Chinese

(原文)
Insomesocietiespeoplewantchildrenforwhatmightbecalledfamilial
reasons:toextendthefamilylineorthefamilyname,TOPropitiatethe
ancestors;toenabletheproperfunctioningofreligiousritualsinvolvingthe
family.Suchreasonsmayseemthininthemodern,secularizedsocietybutthey
havebeenandarepowerfulindeedinotherplaces.

Inaddition,oneclassoffamilyreasonssharesaborderwiththefollowing
category,namely,havingchildreninordertomaintainorimproveamarriage:
toholdthehusbandoroccupythewife;torepairorrejuvenatethemarriage;
toincreasethenumberofchildrenontheassumptionthatfamilyhappinesslies
thatway.Thepointisunderlinedbyitsconverse:insomesocietiesthe
failuretobearchildrenisathreattothemarriageandaready
causefordivorce.

Beyondallthatistheprofoundsignificanceofchildrentothevery
institutionofthefamilyitself.Tomanypeople,husbandandwifealonedonot
seemaproperfamily-theyneedchildrentoenrichthecircle,tovalidateits
familycharacter,togathertheredemptiveinfluenceofoffspring.Children
needthefamily,butthefamilyseemsalsotoneedchildren,asthesocial
institutionuniquelyavailable,atleastinprinciple,forsecurity,comfort,
assurance,anddirectioninachanging,oftenhostile,world.Tomostpeople,
suchahomebase,intheliteralsense,needsmorethanonepersonfor
sustenanceandingenerationalextension.

(参考译文)
在某些社会中,大家期望拥有孩子是出于所谓的家庭缘由:传宗接代,光宗耀祖,博取
祖辈的欢心,使那些涉及到整个家族的宗教仪式得以发挥其应有些用途。此类缘由在现代世
俗化的社会中似显苍白,但它们在其他地方曾一度构成并确实仍在构成强有力的原因。此
外,有一类家庭缘由与下列类别不无共通之处,这便是:生儿育女是为着维系或改变婚姻:
能拴住老公或者使老婆不致于什么事都不干;修复婚姻或为婚姻注入新的活力;多子多孙,以为
家庭幸福,惟系于此。这一点更可因其相反情形而得以凸现:在某些社会中,没办法生儿育女
(或没办法生育男生)于婚姻而言可构成一种威胁,并可作为离婚的一个顺理成章的(或现成
的)缘由。

除去所有这所有以外,还有一个缘由,那就是后代对于家庭这一体制本身所具备的深远
意义。对很多人来讲,夫妇两人尚不足以构成一个真的意义上的家庭--夫妻需要孩子来丰富
其两人小天地,赋予该小天地以真的意义上的家庭性质,并从子孙后代身上获得某种回报。

孩子需要家庭,但家庭好像也需要孩子。作为一种社会体制,家庭以其特有些方法,至
少从原则上说,可在一个变幻莫测、常常是充满敌意的世界中叫人从中获得某种安全、慰
藉、保障,与价值取向。于大部分人而言,如此的一个家庭基础,即便从其表层意义上来
讲,也需要不至一个人来保持其存在,并使其世代相传,生生不息。

高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅴ
(翻译部分,原书P.167-168)
SectionB:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheEnglishtextinto
Chinese
(参考译文)
出孟买湾之后的第32天开始就透着些许的不祥。清晨,海浪先是将一扇船门砸坏。大家
冒着浓浓的雾气冲了进来,发现厨师浑身湿透,正在对这条船大发牢骚。"它变得一天比一
天不中用了。它愣是要想办法把我淹死在这炉灶前。"他看上去异常的愤怒。大家设法让他平
静下来,而木工尽管被海水冲走过两次,但还是努力把门修好。因为发生了这一变故,大家
的晚饭直到非常晚才弄好,但这一点最后也变得不重要,由于前去厨房端饭菜的Knowles被
汹涌的波涛掀倒在地,饭菜顺着船舷全都撒入海中。船长脸上的表情变得愈发严峻,双唇紧
咬。他全然没能意识到,整条船因为被需要去完成很多它力所不可以及的任务,打从大家认识
它以来,初次出现了力不从心的迹象。

高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅵ
(翻译部分,原书P.195-196)
SectionA:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheChinesetextinto
English
(参考译文)
Inthecontemporaryperiod,Shanghaiasametropolisinfestedbyforeign
adventurershasindeedrecorded,sincetheopeningofitscommercialport,a
bitter,blood-and-tearhistoryofmanymiseriesandinequalities.Referredto
astheParadi网站优化fAdventurers,Shanghaiwasindeedhometo"humansludgeand
filth"whereonecouldfindopium,dissolutewomenandgamblers.Itwasaplace
thatmadepeopleindulgeinluxuryanddissipationandgiventosensuous
pleasures,eveninducingpeopletobecomedegenerate.However,thereisa
differentandmoreimportantpictureofShanghaiasamodernmetropolis.Ithas
beenfullofvitalityandvigor,displayingitsuniqueintelligenceandwisdom,
characterizedbyaninnovativeandenterprisingspirit.Ithasthecourageto
assumerisksandisinpossessionofboththeawarenessandthemechanismof
competition.Suchametropolitanmentalityorstyleinspiresitsresidents,
encouragingthemtokeepabreastwiththechangingepochsandtomakeefforts
towardgreaterprogress.

高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅶ
(翻译部分,原书P.222-223)
SectionA:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheChinesetextinto
English
(译文)
TheformerresidenceofJohnStraussissituatedonabigstreet,insidean
oldpink-coloredfour-storyapartmentbuildingalongthestreet.Strausslived
intwosuitesonthesecondfloorofthisbuildinginwhichhecomposedfrom
theendof1866tothebeginningof1867thefamousTheBlueDanubeWaltz.At
thattimehewasalready42yearsoldandenjoyedahighreputationwithinthe
musicalcircleofVienna.However,itwasnotuntilthecompositionofthis
melodythathebecamefirmlyestablishedastheKingofWaltz.Thehousein
whichhelivedwasnotfarawayfromtheDanubeRiver,whichwaswithinthe
reachofhalfanhourswalk.Atthattime,therewasahugeforestbetweenthe
riverandhishouseandStrausswouldfrequentlygothroughtheforesttohave
awalkbythesideoftheriver.Nowtheforesthasbeenreplacedbyrowsand
rowsofdenselyadjacenthousesandbuildings,turningtheplaceintonoisy
streets.
SectionB:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheEnglishtextinto
Chinese.

(译文)
尽管我喜欢广交朋友,但我只愿与为数不多的几人成为至交。我所提及的那位黑衣男
士,就是那样一个我希冀与其成为莫逆之交的人,由于他深得我的景仰。诚然,其行为举止
不乏某些怪异的出尔反尔,他全然可被叫做幽默家王国中的幽默大师。虽然他慷慨大方,乃
至奢靡无度,但他仍假惺惺地期望大家将它视作节俭与审慎之奇才。尽管其言谈之中满是污
秽和自私的格言,其内心却充盈着最博大无际的爱心。据我所知,他常宣称自己是人类憎恶
者;然而,他的脸颊上却总漾溢着怜悯之情。虽然其神情会柔化为一片慈悲,我却听到过他
用最为恶劣的言辞,其恶劣程度可谓无以复加。有的人佯装人道与柔情,也有一些人则夸
耀说如此的秉性乃天性使然。但在我所有认识的人当中,唯有他好像羞耻于其与生俱有些慈
悲之心。他会竭力掩饰其真情,一如任何一个伪君子会掩饰其冷漠那样。然则,在每个毫
无防范的瞬间,那戴着的假面具便会掉落下来,使其毕露于就算是最为肤浅的察看者。

高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅵ
(翻译部分,原书P.195-196)
SectionA:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheChinesetextinto
English
(参考译文)
Inthecontemporaryperiod,Shanghaiasametropolisinfestedbyforeign
adventurershasindeedrecorded,sincetheopeningofitscommercialport,a
bitter,blood-and-tearhistoryofmanymiseriesandinequalities.Referredto
astheParadi网站优化fAdventurers,Shanghaiwasindeedhometo"humansludgeand
filth"whereonecouldfindopium,dissolutewomenandgamblers.Itwasaplace
thatmadepeopleindulgeinluxuryanddissipationandgiventosensuous
pleasures,eveninducingpeopletobecomedegenerate.However,thereisa
differentandmoreimportantpictureofShanghaiasamodernmetropolis.Ithas
beenfullofvitalityandvigor,displayingitsuniqueintelligenceandwisdom,
characterizedbyaninnovativeandenterprisingspirit.Ithasthecourageto
assumerisksandisinpossessionofboththeawarenessandthemechanismof
competition.Suchametropolitanmentalityorstyleinspiresitsresidents,
encouragingthemtokeepabreastwiththechangingepochsandtomakeefforts
towardgreaterprogress.

高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅷ
(翻译部分,原书P.250-251)
SectionA:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheChinesetextinto
English
(参考译文)
Chinawillunswervinglyobservetheindependentandpeacefulforeign
policy.Itwillcontinuetoreinforceitssolidarityandcooperationwiththe
developingcountriesintheworldand,togetherwiththem,tosafeguardthe
justandreasonablerightsofthedevelopingcountries.Atthesametime,we
willbefurthercommittedtostabilizingourperipheralareasandto
consolidatingtheharmoniousfriendshipwithourneighboringcountries.Wewill
alsomakecontinuedeffortstoenrichtheimplicationsoftheframeworkofthe
futurerelationsthathavebeenestablishedorthatarebeingestablishedwith
allthemajorcountriesoftheworld.Wewilltakemorepositivestepsto
participateininternationalaffairsandinvariouskindsofmultilateral
diplomaticactivities.Chinawillremainfirminitsoppositiontohegemonism,
powerpoliticsandwillendeavorTOPromotetheestablishmentofanew
internationalpoliticalandeconomicorderthatisfair,reasonable,equaland
reciprocallybeneficial.
SectionB:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheEnglishtextinto
Chinese
(参考译文)
在这个社会上,所能碰见的最为贤达的人士乃商人及饱经世事沧桑者。其言谈,其论点
全然基于其所见所知,而不会去编织某些迂腐的区别,以设定事物理应怎么样怎么样。女性们往
往要比男性更富于所谓的"见识"。她们不那样不可一世,不那样惯于纠缠于理论,在对事
物形成判断时更多地凭藉这类事物在其头脑中所烙下的直接和不自觉的印象,因而会来得更
为真实,更为自然。她们绝不犯任何逻辑错误,由于她们从不进行任何的逻辑推理。她们的
所思所言决不受制于任何条条框框,正由于这样,总体而言她们不只更具见识,而且更机
智,更能言善辩。凭着其机智、其见识、其如簧巧舌这三件利器,她们大都会图谋主宰她们
的老公。她们在给朋友写信时,其文笔之高雅与绝大部分作家相比均有过之而无不及。--未
受教育者最富于创造。

高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅸ(翻译部分,原书P.277-278)
SectionA:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheChinesetextinto
English(参考译文)
ChinesepresidentJiangZemingwhoiscurrentlyonastatevisittoItalyheld
aformaltalkwithItalianpresidenton22ndatthepresidentialpalace.
PresidentJiangpointedoutthatalthoughItalyandChinaaregeographically
farawayfromeachotherandimportantdifferencesexistintheirrespective
socialsystems,culturaltraditions,andthelevelsofeconomicdevelopment,
thetwocountrieshavesofarmaintainedaveryfriendlybilateral
relationship.Atpresent,thecooperationbetweenthetwocountrieshasbeen
expandingintermsofboththedepthandthewidth,Italybeinganimportant
tradepartnerofChinainEurope.Theeconomiesofbothcountriesare
characterizedbystrongcomplementarityandthereistremendouspotentialfor
bothcountriestoundertakeeconomicandtradecooperation.TheChinese
governmentsupportandencourageChinesebusinesscommunitiestoconductmore
contactswiththeirItaliancounterpartssoastomaketheeconomicand
commercialcooperationbetweenthetwocountriesmoreconstructiveandfruitful.

SectionB:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheEnglishtextinto
Chinese
(参考译文)里根政府最紧急的对外政策问题在总统第二任期行将结束之际浮出水面。
1987年,美国人得知里根政府曾秘密向伊朗供应武器,试图为那些美国人质换取人身自由,
这类人质被伊朗霍梅尼政府所控制的激进组织囚禁于黎巴嫩。除此之外,调查也披露,这类武器
买卖中所得的款项被转移到尼加拉瓜反政府武装组织的手里,但在这一时期,美国国会早已
禁止此类性质的军事援助。随后所举行的参众两院联合委员会的有关"伊朗-反政府武装
组织事件"听证会审议了大概存在的非法问题,与对美国在中东和中美洲对外政策利益
进行界定这一更为广泛的问题。从某种较为宽泛的意义上说,有关"伊朗-反政府武装组织事
件"的听证会,犹如14年前著名的参议员水门事件听证会那样,所涉及到的都是某些根本性
问题,即政府应怎么样向公众负责,与政府行政与立法部门之间怎么样才能达成某种恰到好处
的平衡。

高等院校英语专业八级考试样题Ⅹ(翻译部分,原书P.307-308)

SectionA:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheChinesetextinto
English
(参考译文)Sciencemeanstheexplorationoftruth.Intheprocessof
exploringtruth,peoplewillhavetoexperiencetremendoushardshipsand
difficultiesbeforetheycancometounderstandtheobjectivelaws.Itisoften
thecasethatthedifferencesintheresearchperspectives,thematerials
mastered,andthewaysofunderstandingwouldleadtototallydifferentresults-
aswemightsay,"amountainbecomesahillwhenviewedhorizontallyanda
ridgewhenviewedvertically,anditassumestotallydifferentshapeswhen
viewedfromashortoralongdistance,orfromahighoralowposition."-
andevenleadtoacademicdisputes.Therefore,anaccomplishedscientistwould
regardopposingargumentsashismosttremendousbenefitandtakeothers
criticismofhimasthemostpreciousfriendshipthathecaneverobtain.In
Gotheswords,"Wetakeforgrantedwhatweareinfavorof.However,onlywhat
weareopposedtocanenrichourthoughts."Thisisallbecausetheapproving
opinionsarenotnecessarilyjustifiedwhiletheopposingargumentsarenot
necessarilyunfounded.Toputitintheleastway,eventheopposingarguments
thataremistakenwillbeimmenselybeneficialtoonesownscientificresearch.

SectionB:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheEnglishtextinto
Chinese
(参考译文)虽然美国经济在过去几年中已达成了转型,但某些问题自美国建国之初以
来一直持续到今天,依旧悬而未决。其中之一便是围绕着政府在一个基本上是市场性质的经
济中的适合角色所展开的持久争论。以自由企业为基础的经济体制,其常见特点便是私有制
和个人革新精神,政府介入应相对微弱。然而,大家发现,政府的干涉时不时地也是必要
的,以确保经济机会每人均等,能为全部民众所获得,并防范毫无顾忌的权力滥用,平抑通
货膨胀,刺激经济增长。自殖民地时期以来,美国政府多少地参与到经济决策中来。
比如,联邦政府曾在基础设施方面进行过巨额投资,它也提供了私营业主们没能力或不愿
意提供的社会福利项目。在过去数十年中,政府也以无数的方法支持并促进农

高等院校英语专业八级考试样题XII
(翻译部分,原书2001年全真题)
SECTIONA:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheChinesetextinto
English.(
原文)乔羽的歌大伙都熟知。但他另外两大喜好却不为人知,那就是钓鱼和喝酒。 
 晚年的乔羽喜欢垂钓,他说,"有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的,好环境便会给人好心
情。我觉得最好的钓鱼场合不是舒适的、给你筹备好饿鱼的垂钓园,而是那极其有吸引力的
大自然野外天成的场合。"钓鱼是一项可以陶冶性情的运动,有益于身心健康。乔羽
说:"钓鱼可分三个阶段:第一阶段是吃鱼;第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之;第三阶段主
如果钓趣,面对一池碧水,将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边,使我们的身技巧到充分休息。"

(参考译文)Thegeneralpublicmightbewell-acquaintedwiththesongs
composedbyQiaoYu,buttheymightactuallyknowverylittleabouthistwo
majorhobbies-fishingandwine-drinking.Inhislateryears,QiaoYuhasbecomeenamoredoffishing.Heasserts:"Mostlyspeaking,aplacewithwaterand
fishmustnecessarilybeblessedwithanicesetting,whichinreturnkeeps
peopleingoodmood.Ibelievethattheoptimumfishingplacesarenotthose
commercialfishingcenters/resortswhichprovidethefishermenwithallthe
conveniencesandwherefisharekepthungryforreadycapture,butthose
naturally-formedplacesinthewildernesswhichexertaspecialappeal."
Accordingtohim,fishingcanconstituteanactivityconducivetothe
cultivationofonestemperamentandtooneshealth,atoncephysicaland
psychological.QiaoYuclaims:"Fishingcanbedividedintothreestages.The
firststageconsistsofmerefish-eating;thesecondacombinationoffish-
eatingandthepleasureoffishing;thethirdprimarilythe
pleasureoffishingwhen,confrontedwithapondofclearwater,oneputsaside
allhistroublingvexationsandannoyancesandenjoysthetotalrelaxationboth
mentallyandphysically."

SECTIONB:TranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartoftheEnglishtextinto
Chinese(
原文)Possessionforitsownsakeorincompetitionwiththerestofthe
neighborhoodwouldhavebeenThoreausideaofthelowlevels.Theactive
disciplineofheighteningonesperceptionofwhatisenduringinnaturewould
havebeenhisideaofthehigh.Whathesavedfromthelowwastimeandeffort
hecouldspendonthehigh.Thoreaucertainlydisapprovedofstarvation,buthe
wouldputintofeedinghimselfonlyasmucheffortaswouldkeephim
functioningformoreimportantefforts.Effortisthegistofit.Thereis
nohappinessexceptaswetakeonlife-engagingdifficulties.Shortofthe
impossible,asYeatsputit,thesatisfactionwegetfromalifetimedependson
howhighwechoo网站优化urdifficulties.RobertFrostwasthinkinginsomething
likethesametermswhenhespokeof"Thepleasureoftakingpains".Themortal
flawintheadvertisedversionofhappinessisinthefactthatitpurportsto
beeffortless.Wedemanddifficultyeveninourgames.Wedemanditbecause
withoutdifficultytherecanbenogame.Agameisawayofmakingsomething
hardforthefunofit.Therulesofthegameareanarbitraryimpositionof
difficulty.Whensomeoneruinsthefun,healwaysdoessobyrefusingTOPlay
bytherules.Itiseasiertowinatchessifyouarefree,atyourpleasure,
tochangethewhollyarbitrary